Assessment and Effect of Mining Subsidence on Farmland in Coal–Crop Overlapped Areas: A Case of Shandong Province, China

Farmland protection and food security is highly focused on in China. However, coal mining has caused negative consequences to cropland coal–crop overlapped areas (COA), especially eastern Thus, revealing the spatiotemporal impact of farmland a large scale crucial for coordinating grainland protection. In this study, Shandong Province, representative coal–grain composite area, was selected as research case evaluate damage subsidence farmland. Firstly, field investigation prediction revealed current situation trend by 2021 2030. Then, we evaluated grain yield. Finally, landscape patterns, ecological environment, social stability due were discussed. The results show that: (1) damaged 6.40 × 104 ha, which 1.40 ha non-yield. By 2030, accumulative area estimated reach 7.52 ha. (2) 2025 yield will be reduced 16.44 t 18.45 Shandong. (3) led fragmentation, terrestrial ecosystem became an aquatic ecosystem, further intensifying contradiction between more people less land. This study provides reference production formulating strategies similar regions. Meanwhile, it also scientific basis government formulate land reclamation indicators, technology, management, acceptance standards establish implement reward punishment system.